The modern automotive brake system has been refined for over 100 years and has become extremely dependable and efficient. The typical brake system consists of disk brakes in front and either disk or drum brakes in the rear connected by a system of tubes and hoses that link the brake at each wheel to the master cylinder. Other systems that are connected with the brake system include the parking brakes, power brake booster and the anti-lock system. When you step on the brake pedal, you are actually pushing against a plunger in the master cylinder which forces hydraulic oil (brake fluid) through a series of tubes and hoses to the braking unit at each wheel. Since hydraulic fluid (or any fluid for that matter) cannot be compressed, pushing fluid through a pipe is just like pushing a steel bar through a pipe. Unlike a steel bar, however, fluid can be directed through many twists and turns on its way to its destination, arriving with the exact same motion and pressure that it started with. It is very important that the fluid is pure liquid and that there are no air bubbles in it. Air can compress, which causes a sponginess to the pedal and severely reduced braking efficiency. If air is suspected, then the system must be bled to remove the air. There are “bleeder screws” at each wheel cylinder and caliper for this purpose.Crew Chief note: this is one of the best sites I have seen for explaining a brake system they have excellent pictures on there site News source: Family Car .com go to the site to read more
All posts by John
Soy foam in seat cushions
Ford Motor Co. will put soybean-based foam cushions in the seats of the 2008 Mustang and may do the same with other models as well, eventually saving thousands of barrels of oil in the manufacturing process, the Detroit automaker said ThursdayMost automakers use petroleum-based foam, with an average of 30 pounds going into each vehicle, Ford said. The annual worldwide market for automotive foam is 9 billion pounds, meaning a broader switch to renewable interior materials could have a significant environmental impact, said Debbie Mielewski, technical leader for Ford’s materials research and advanced engineering department.Ford said environmental advantages include reduced carbon dioxide emissions in manufacturing compared with petroleum-based foam, lower energy use to produce the soy foam and reduced dependence on foreign oil.Ford is teaming with seat supplier Lear Corp. (nyse: LEA – news – people ) to install the seats at a joint Mazda-Ford factory in Flat Rock, Mich., the company said.Crew Chief Note: found it intersting they put 30 pounds of foam in each car foam does not weigh a lot so that is a lot of foam News source: Forbes.com
Tip jars
Am I alone in taking pointed notice of all the tip jars that have blossomed on business countertops? From delis to pizzerias, Chinese takeout joints to barbershops, the word has spread like wildfire: If you put out a tip jar, people will fill it. Well, maybe they will, but I have yet to be shamed (if this is the right word) into casting my coin into the tip jar fountain. Perhaps it is the scientist in me, but I try to reason the situation out like this: I call in my order to the Chinese restaurant. I drive there to pick it up. I pay the menu price. Why on earth would I pay more than they are asking for their product? Doing so strikes me as positively un-American. News source: Money-Central Tipping used to be confined to service-oriented occupations: waitresses, taxi drivers, doormen. Now it has spread to businesses where I seem to be doing most of the work. Attempts at justification Just recently I was in a general store where I roamed the aisles, collected my goods, brought them to the counter and even packed them myself. I paid the cashier $23.97 and then noticed a rather ostentatious pickle jar by the register. It was brimming with coins and paper money. On its face was written, in large red letters so as not to escape notice, “TIPS!” The addition of that exclamation point seemed to push the thing beyond a suggestion toward the realm of subtle demand. Sometimes the tip jar bears an explanation or justification of the recipient’s need for the extra cash, such as the annotation, “For college.” And then there was this cryptic one I saw in a service station: “For unanticipated expenses.” Hmm. Don’t we all have these? All this reminds me of a little incident with an Internet retailer. On the order form after I had added up the total for goods and shipping, was an additional charge of $1, for “immediate replacement of lost or damaged goods.” More from MSNTalk back: Do tip jars annoy you?MSN City Guides: Diners have a bone to pick How to say NO! to anything — or anyoneJust say no to the ‘upsell’10 things your restaurant won’t tell youIs free stuff on the Net really free?There was no way for me to decline or eliminate this fee, so I called them. The pleasant woman at the other end of the line explained that the fee was a bargain because it would ensure my satisfaction with my purchase. “Ma’am,” I calmly began, “if I am not satisfied with this purchase, I expect you to remedy the situation in any event.”She removed the $1 fee.Nobody will notice The moral of this tale is that these companies seem to assume that nobody — except for me! — will notice or care if an additional buck or two is appended to an order. Considering the large customer bases involved, this can add up to a lot of money. I think this is precisely what has spilled over into the ad hoc tipping jar phenomenon we’re now experiencing. If the college student who works at the local taco stand puts out his or her jar and makes an extra $10, $20 or $30 a day, well, why not? It’s not as if people have to cough up a tip. At this point I’m willing to admit that maybe I’m being a curmudgeon about this — or even worse, a cheapskate. But although I don’t contribute to these ubiquitous, beckoning Mason jars, I think there is an insidious effect on the young. Video on MSN Money Successful complainingYelling may feel good, but when it comes to getting resolution to your consumer complaint, there are better ways to succeed.On a visit to a bakery with my son, I had just paid for my bagels when Anton nudged me and pointed to the tip jar. “Dad,” he said, “aren’t you going to tip them?” I looked at the milk-faced student behind the cash register, who beamed at me. “Thank you,” I told him, “and have a nice day.”This didn’t end the conversation. In the car on the way home, Anton asked me how I would feel if I had a tip jar and nobody put any money in. A little classroom experiment No one had ever asked me this before. As a teacher it had never occurred to me to put one of these jars on my desk. And so I decided to conduct an experiment. The next day, when I entered the classroom, I casually pulled a small jelly jar from my bag and placed it on my desk. On the front was a neat label, “Tips.” I didn’t do anything else to draw my students’ attention to it and ignored the low mumble that the act incited. At the end of the lecture, as the students filed out, I’ll be darned if a few of them didn’t throw their loose change into the jar. I gave it all back, of course, but their quiet gestures did lend me a small thrill, a sense that my teaching efforts were worth more than my salary alone. Well, I still don’t put money in tip jars, but I have put one of these jars in my son’s room. Sometimes, when he does something positive or helpful without being told, I throw a couple of quarters in. He appreciates this and looks for opportunities to lend a hand wherever he can. I think that as long as we can keep this under control, I will not have created unreasonable expectations. But mum’s the word.
Cleaning your vehicle
Cleaning a car: a piece of cake, right? Certainly, if you follow the procedures suggested by the Car Care Council. While it’s the most basic procedure in car care, it does deserve some thought. The first step in cleaning the car is to wash it. Give it a good rinsing from top to bottom, including the wheels and inside the fenders. Always clean the tires and wheels before washing the body, and don’t use the same mitt for both. This way you’ll avoid contaminating the vehicle’s paint with debris from the wheels and tires.Use a good tire cleaner with a stiff brush, to improve your tires’ appearance even if you don’t have white sidewalls or white letter tires.Next, clean the wheels with a wheel cleaner that removes the brake dust, which often blackens the front wheels. Application of these cleaners vary, so be sure and follow the directions on the container.Now it’s time to wash the body. Use a product sold specifically for automobiles. (Household cleaners can strip the wax from the paint and damage the finish.) Starting at the top, wash one section at a time, thoroughly rinsing away the soap. Work your way down toward the front, sides, and rear of the vehicle. Clean the rear last since it usually has the largest accumulation of dirt and grime, which can contaminate the wash mitt. Wash the inside door jams about once a month.To rinse, remove the spray nozzle from the hose. Starting at the top, let the water cascade down the surfaces of the vehicle.Then, to avoid water spotting, dry with a chamois or other product made for this purpose.Now is an excellent time for waxing, which not only protects the finish but also makes subsequent washing easier. Before proceeding, look for foreign particles on the paint. Use a car cleaner, available at auto supply stores, to remove contaminants imbedded in the paint.Once the surface is clean, apply the wax, following the manufacturer’s instructions for application of the product. Often they recommend not using the product in direct sunlight..Keeping your vehicle clean, while it doesn’t require a lot of effort, it does foster a feeling of pride and accomplishment. News source: NSACAR.com
Brake Fluid change
Changing the many fluids in a vehicle is always a change for the better. Dirty engine oil, transmission fluid or anti-freeze are bad news for a car. But what about brake fluid? Many motorists know that this fluid should be topped off, but changed? According to the Car Care Council brake fluid in the typical vehicle can become contaminated in two years or less. This is because the fluid absorbs moisture, which works its way through the hydraulic system. Under heavy braking conditions, such as those encountered in mountainous or hilly driving or when towing a trailer, moisture in the overheated fluid vaporizes (boiling point of water is lower than that of brake fluid) and braking efficiency is reduced. “Even under normal driving conditions this condition can develop if the brake fluid is seriously contaminated” says Rich White, spokesperson for the Car Care Council. “Not only is the fluid vulnerable to vaporizing, it also can freeze. Brake fluid must maintain a stable viscosity throughout its operating temperature range. If it’s too thick or too thin, braking action is impaired. Beyond the vaporization hazard, moisture creates an additional problem for owners of vehicles equipped with anti-lock braking (ABS) systems. Rusted and corroded ABS components are very expensive to replace. How does a car owner know when to have fluid changed? The Council recommends replacement every two years or 24,000 miles. “Certainly it should be included with brake pad or shoe replacement,” White emphasizes. “In between, as a preventive measure, a professional brake technician should check the condition of the fluid with an accurate fluid test safety meter, which is inserted into the master cylinder reservoir to record the fluid’s boiling point News source: NASCAR.com
10 Most Frequent Auto Repairs
According to MotorService, an auto industry trade magazine, the most frequent auto repairs include:1.) Brake system2.) Lube/oil change/filters3.) Cooling/heating (radiator)4.) Ignition/electronic control5.) Steering/suspension6.) Carburetor/fuel system7.) Electrical8.) Transmission/clutch/rear axle9.) Auto air conditioning10.) Exhaust systemIn addition to auto repair services, there are many other costs associated with owning a car, including car payments, commuting expenses (e.g. gas, tolls, parking), and insurance premiums. Here are some tips that can help car owners save money.Keep your repair costs in checkOne of the most important things you can do to avoid costly auto repairs is preventive maintenance. Regularly scheduled trips to your mechanic can save you money in the long run. Either follow your car manufacturer’s maintenance schedule, or ask your repair shop if they have their own schedule.When bringing your car in for repairs, be sure to ask for a written estimate ahead of time. You’ll also want to make sure that the repair shop will get your approval to perform any work that exceeds a certain amount.Lower your commuting expensesMany car owners overlook the cost of commuting when determining their monthly car expenses. In addition to gas and toll charges, you may need to factor in fees to park your car. Car pooling, either with coworkers or through a car pooling service, and taking advantage of public transportation (e.g. train, bus) in your area can greatly reduce your commuting expenses.Lower your insurance premiumsAside from your car payment, your monthly insurance premium may be your second-largest car-related expense. If you’re looking to save money on your premiums, follow these simple steps:Shop around–in most states, premiums vary widely from company to company, so it often pays to compare policiesIncrease your deductible–typically, increasing your deductible will result in a lower premiumIf you drive an older car, consider dropping collision and/or other-than-collision (also known as comprehensive) coverageTake advantage of discounts–ask your insurer what types of discounts they offer (e.g. low mileage, antitheft devices, air bags, antilock brakes, safe driver) News source: Subaruauto.blog spot
Stupid driving mistakes
It’s a familiar scenario. You’re on your way to work, maybe running 10 minutes late, and you’re trying to make up for lost time. So you put your foot into it a little bit more and also decide to multi-task, perhaps get a head start on email on your BlackBerry. Before you know it, you’ve got one hand frantically tapping away on the small keypad, the other on the wheel, and your eyes are working overtime to keep track of it all. Your foot, however, is doing just fine laying heavily on the accelerator. Doesn’t sound too safe, does it?Almost all of us make them, so here’s a list of some of the most common and dangerous mistakes witnessed on the road:Pushing ButtonsCar companies and their suppliers jump through lawyers’ hoops when developing central information consoles that can include satellite navigation, stereo controls and climate gauges. And with good reason. Tweaking these devices while driving is a leading cause of accidents and near misses, according to Drive for Life, the National Safe Driving Test and Initiative. Most new consoles won’t allow you to plug directions into a sat-nav while the car is in gear, but almost all allow you to play with the stereo. Try to do this when stationary, at traffic lights if you must.Aggressive DrivingAggressive driving is a factor in about 56 percent of fatal crashes, says the latest study on driving habits from the Surface Transportation Policy Partnership. Though subject to debate, the study has classified aggressive driving as “speeding, tailgating, failing to yield, weaving in and out of traffic, passing on the right, making improper and unsafe lane changes and running stop signs and red lights.” The group says that most drivers admit to making the same mistakes they hate to see other drivers commit. Mobile DevicesAs a group, teenagers are more likely than most to take their eyes off the road to concentrate on mobile devices, including cell phones, iPods and instant messaging gadgets. They are also the age group most likely to impress their friends both with the latest in gadgetry and by taking risks behind the wheel. The National Safety Council points out that traffic crashes are the leading cause of fatalities in teens, accounting for 44 percent of deaths.Connecticut, New Jersey, New York and Washington, D.C. have banned the use of hand-held cell phones while driving. California is scheduled to ban their use by July 2008. Another side effect of the ever-changing technology? Shorter attention spans, which isn’t the ideal trait of conscientious drivers.Driving While Upset”Well the morning was complete. There was tears on the steering wheel dripping on the seat,” lamented cheeky British pop mites The Arctic Monkeys on their new tune ‘Do Me a Favor’. All very well if you, like I did, took an Audi A4 S-line Convertible to see them at this year’s Coachella Festival, but what happens if you’ve had a great, sober festival, but end up in a fight with the wife while driving home (which didn’t happen, obviously, as she adored the sporty drop-top)? Other situations that inevitably distract from good driving habits are fighting over maps and directions or looking for a free parking space. Try to pull over if you feel your concentration is not fully on the road and take a walk to cool off. As a married man who’s terrible at reading maps and spotting parking spaces, all I can say is, “But I told you so.”Turn SignalsHere’s a harsh lesson learned. When my brother and I rolled up at my sister’s wedding in her hubby’s Jaguar XKR convertible, we expected a bit of respect and not, well, giggles. My brother was driving and we traveled about 20 miles in convoy alongside many of the other guests. We had enjoyed the admiring looks and stares from others on the way, figuring it was the fire-red convertible and the two good-looking lads up front.Only during the groom’s speech later did we find out that we’d driven his car the whole way with the left turn signal bleeping, to much mirth all round and conversation about stupid drivers and their habits. Turn signal errors in my experience are more common in trucks, SUVs and convertibles, when wind and cabin noise can crowd out the click of the signal, leaving the driver oblivious to their error. News source: AOL Autos
Multimeter
Troubleshooting car problems needs to be aproached in an oranized and logical fashion, as opposed to just guessing, or even educated guessing. Many times when I am working on a car, I might get lazy and take an educated guess at what the cause of the problem may be. I know it is wrong, but I will start diagnosing a system and see that I have three choices of what the failure may be. Instead of following the proper procedure of testing each component and continuing to diagnose the problem thoroughly, I will try to take a shortcut known as an educated guess. In most cases, when I guess, I pay the ultimate price. My educated guess will be wrong nearly 50% of the time or more. This means I have just increased my diagnosis time, and wound up replacing a part that was not required. I do not consider myself very lucky, and even when it comes to a 50-50 chance, I am wrong most of the time. In fact, I could flip a coin and take heads, and it will come up tails 10 times in a row. Troubleshooting car problems correctlyThis brings me back to the professional method of troubleshooting car problems. Get a good auto repair manual and perform all the step-by-step diagnosis that the troubleshooting manual provides. When you feel like you have found the problem take the extra step and test the individual component. For example, if you believe the relay has failed, all relays can be tested and confirmed to be good or bad. Another example of troubleshooting car problems is if you believe a switch has failed, a switch can be easily tested as well. Why do you need a multimeter? In the two above examples, a multimeter will be needed to test the individual components. A multimeter can measure voltage, amps, resistance and check for continuity. Now days a multimeter is a very inexpensive tool and a very good thing to have in your toolbox. All multimeters come with instructions on how to use the device. Become familiar with the operation of this meter before you begin troubleshooting car problems or performing Diy car repairs. Another reason to have a multimeter on hand is that if your diagnostic steps in the repair manual require you to take a voltage reading, a test light should not be used in this situation. If you are looking for a 5 V reference signal from the ECM, A test light will not be good enough. Also if measuring resistance is required only one tool can do this (yes a multi-meter). News source: Auto-Facts
Weird
OK so I thought I had seen it all but these 2 definitely new[url”>http://www.bumperdumper.com/bumper2.htm[url”>http://www.bullsballs.com/balls/photos.html
Time to complain
It has been awhile since I sat down and complained but after reading the paper this AM I think it is about time. 1. Who hires these writers that spout advice about cars Click and Clack are not always on the money but at least they do no harm. This one advises to plug your tire, no one plugs a tire anymore it is just not a safe way to repair a tire, definitely not a speed rated one. Sure it is cheap but it will usually void any warranty or road hazard and with the price of tires(thanks to increase in petroleum) it is worth spending the extra bucks to get it done right. Use the plug and patch in one piece method everything I have read says this is the only way to repair a tire.2. Advice on buying the biggest highest rated battery you can afford. NO no the alternator in today’s vehicles is designed to keep a certain size battery charged anything thing higher and it will ,in time, damage the alternator. The electrical system in the modern car is borderline at best we expect a lot from it in a very hostile enviorment, heat is the killer and they make the alternator small to save space so add more strain and a failure is imminent I have seen the addition of a amp cause problems.3. Only go to a clean shop, a good idea, unless the shop is to clean because they have no business clean and neat but have a used look is the best approach also check there equipment if they have the newest they have to know what they are doing to afford it. Also never go to one with an empty lot look for cars similar to your own and there should always be a number of vehicles around waiting for parts or what ever. 4. Why must the engine noise be so loud on the TV it is almost impossible to hear the announcer. So turn it down a little the strange thing all the networks are doing it. I liked it when DW cranked it up but not all the time.5. If whoever writes Millard Filmore the comic runs for President I am voting for him. I am surprised it has not moved to the editorial page.6. If the modern auto has a thousand times more lines of computer code that the Appollo then lets start paying the techs that can repair these the money they deserve. Crew Chief